Microsoft Windows script technology including
VBScript and Script were on the loose in 1996. Script, a reverse-engineered
implementation of Netscape's JavaScript, was released on July 16, 1996 and was
part of Internet Explorer 3, as well as being available server-side in Internet
in sequence Server. IE3 also incorporated Microsoft's first hold up for Cascading
Style Sheets and various extensions to HTML, but in each case the
implementation was noticeably diverse to that found in Netscape Navigator at
the time.These differences made it difficult for designers and programmers to
make a single website work well in both browsers leading to the use of 'best
viewed in Netscape' and 'best viewed in Internet Explorer' logos that
characterized these early years of the browser wars. JavaScript began to
acquire a standing for being one of the roadblocks to a cross-platform and
standards-driven Web. Some developers took on the difficult task of wearisome
to make their sites work in both major browsers, but many could not have the
funds for the time.[ With the release of Internet Explorer 4, Microsoft
introduced the concept of Dynamic HTML, but the differences in language
implementations and the different and proprietary Document Object Models
remained, and were obstacles to widespread take-up of JavaScript on the Web. In
November 1996, Netscape announced that it had submitted JavaScript to Emma
International for contemplation as an industry standard, and ensuing work
resulted in the standardized version named ECMAScript. In June 1997, Emma
worldwide published the first edition of the ECMA-262 specification. In June
1998, some modifications were made to adapt it to the ISO/IEC-16262 standard,
and the second edition was on the loose. The third edition of ECMA-262 was available
on December 1999. Development of the fourth publication of the ECMAScript
standard was never completed. The fifth edition was released in December 2009.
The current edition of the ECMAScript standard is 6, released in June 2015.
JavaScript has become one of the most all the rage programming languages on the
Web. Initially, however, many professional programmers denigrated the language
because its objective addressees consisted of Web authors and other such
"amateurs", among other reasons. The advent of Ajax returned
JavaScript to the spotlight and brought more proficient programming attention.
The result was a proliferation of comprehensive frameworks and libraries,
superior JavaScript training practices, and increased usage of JavaScript
outside Web browsers, as seen by the large number of server-side JavaScript
platforms. In January 2009, the playground project was founded with the goal of
specifying a universal standard library mainly for JavaScript development
outside the browser. With the rise of the single-page function and
JavaScript-heavy sites, it is increasingly being used as a assemble target for source-to-source
compilers from both dynamic languages and static languages. In fussy,
ECMAScript and highly optimized JIT compilers, in tandem with as.js that is
friendly to a head-of-time compilers (OAT) like Odin Monkey, have enabled C and
C++ programs to be compiled into JavaScript and implement at near-native
speeds, causing JavaScript to be considered the "assembly language of the
Web”, according to its designer and others.
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